Telegraph apparatus



Aug. 10 1926. 1,595,472

7 H. L. KRUM TELEGRAPH APPARATUS Fil ed Nov. 7, 1923 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug.10 ,1926. 1,595,472 H. L. KRUM TELEGRAPH APPARATUS Filed Nov- 7, 1923 4Sheets-Sheet 2 MN M HM Nu;

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H. L. KRuM TELEGRAPH APPARATUS Filed Nov. 7, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 5iv/677107"! Howard L. Mum.

Aug. 10,1926. 1,595,412 H. L. KRUM TELEGRAPH APPARATUS Filed N v- 1925 4Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Aug. 10,. 1926.

UNITED STA TES PATENT OFFICE.

HOWARD L. KRUM, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TOMQRKRUMKLEINSCHMIDT CORPORATIQN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A .CORPORA- 'IIONOF DELAWARE.

TELEGRAPH nrrnzenrus.

Application filedli'ovember .7, 1923. Serial No. 673,287.

The invention relates to telegraphs 17. A bail 18 pivoted on the forwardeX- adapted for use with systems in which the. signals comprisepermutations of two different line conditions extending through adefinite number of time intervals or units, the selecting units ofseachsignal being preceded by a uniform "starting interval or unit, and thesignals being separated by intervals in which the line is restbred tonormal condition. The invention seeks to provide improved transmittingand receiving distributers for systems of this sort, to: gether with animproved key-board for controlling the transmitting distributer,distributers and key-board being preferably combined in a single unit. ey The invention consists in the features of improvement hereinafter setforth, illus trated in the preferred form iii the accompanying drawingsand more particularly pointed outin the appended claims.

. line 7- 7 of Fig. 1;

In the drawings: Fig] 1 is a plan View 0 paratus;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1

Fig. 3 is a detai of Fig. 1; 1

Fig. 4 is .a front to rear section on line 44 of Fig. 1; i Fig. 5 is adetail longitudinal section on the line 5'5 of 1; Fig. 6 shows, outlinecross sections of the receiver cam;

Fig. 7 is a f the improved ap- 1 section on the line 3- -3 frontto rearsection on the N Fig. 8 is'a detail longitudinal section of thetransmitter'cam taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 1; J

Fig. Qshows outline crosssections of different portions of thetransmitter cam; and

Fig. 10 is a diagram of the circuit connection's.

In its preferred embodiment the apparatus has a hollow cast metal base'orframe 10 provided with a front extension 11 and a rear extension 12.Key levers 13 arranged.

within 'the upper portion of the basef frame have their rear endsin-engagement .with a common pivot rod 14 carried by lugs 15.

The forward portion of the key levers extend through the slots of ac'ombbar 16 and have upturned front ends carrying keys "hand position bits opposite leftand position by the others. In this way the keys serveto set thesebars .in different combinations.

the rollers 23 are mounted. Each permutation bar is free to movelongitudinally toi.

either one of two positions and each bar has cam lugs 25 havingoppositely inclined faces, one such face being .provided on each I barfor each of the key levers, so that each bar is adapted to be moved toits rightsome of the keys and'to At its right-hand end each permutatioibar is provided with a notch in its upper edge which engages the roundedlower end of a corresponding selecting finger. The five selectingfingers 26 extend upwardly through an'opening in the base frame and aremount-ed. upon a common pivotal support 27 arranged between uprights 29.The fingers 26 control a set of switch shifters in the form of bellcranks 30 mounted upon a horizontal pivot shaft 31 carried by uprights29. Each selecting finger 26 has a hooked lug 32 at its upper end which,as the associated permutation bar is shifted, is moved into and out ofposition above the end of the horizontal arm of the associated switchshifter. The fingers 26 and bell cranks 30 are held in proper positiorfby spacing washers on the sup orts 27 and 31, and preferably also, acon'ib bar 32 1s rovided for the horizontal arms of the bel cranks orswitch shifters-30.

There is provided, however, an additional or sixth switchshifter 307which is not controlled by one of the selectin fingers.

Each bell crank or switch s ifter hasa hook 33 at its upper end whichengages the insulated-upper end of a spring contact zontal arms of theswitch shifters or controllers 30. The cam 38 is provided with a helicalseries of slots 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, which, as the cam is rotated,successively through the medium of the friction discs or washers 42 and43.

The selecting fingers are provided at their upper ends with upwardlyprojecting lugs 63 having beveled upper edges which cooperate with abeveled edge rib on a locking bail 64. The latter is pivotally mountedon-the uprights 29 and a spring 69 tends to depress the lock bar and tohold a roller 70 thereon in engagement with the reduced portion of thetransmitter cam. A lug 71 on the cam engages. the roller 70 in the zeroor normal arrested osition of the transmitter eam, and thus olds thelock bar 64 in raised position. Shortly after the cam pass over the lugs37 of the switch controlstarts the spring 69 depresses the lock bar overone of the lugs the associatedswitc contacts are closed provided thehorizonta arm of the switch controller is not held down bythecorresponding selecting finger.

The shaft 39 (see Figs. 1 and 8) is journaled at its rear end in abracket 40 and at its forward end in a bushing 41 carried by the frontupright 29. a The cam 38. is loose on the shaft 39 but a flange at oneend lers. As the corresponding recess passeq and a recess at the other,are engaged by friction washers 42 and 43 which in turn are engaged by.discs 44 and 45. Disc 45 is pinned to the shaft and disc 44 is keyed toit, being pressed longitudinally of the shaft by a spring 46 coiledabout the shaft and extending between the disc and a collar 47adjustably fixed on the shaft. A hub 48 fixed to the rear end of theshaft has a gear 49 adjustably fixed thereto by' a screw 50 and thisgear is connected by a pair of intermediate idle gears 51 with a gear 52on a shaft 53. Shaft 53 isprovided with a worm wheel 54 which mesheswith a worm 55 on,,the shaft ofa small electric motor 56. The latter ismounted on the base 10 and is provided with a suitable governor formaintaining its speed uniform, the governor be= ing provided withsuitable means by Whichthe speed of the motor may be adjusted.

The transmitter cam is normally held against movement with the shaft 39by a stop arm or lever 57 (see Figs. 2 and 7). This stop arm ispivotally mounted between its ends, is vertically disposed and its-upperend is arranged to engage a shoulder 58 on the forward end of thetransmitter cam, such upper end beingpressed toward the forward end ofthe cam by a spring 59. The lower end of the stop arm extends downwardlybetweentwo of the keys and carries an adjustable screw 60 which isarranged-to be engaged by a lug 61 on a bail 62. The latter is pivotallymounted at its ends and is shifted by'any one of the key levers when thelatter is depressed to set the permutation bars 21 and selecting fingers26 to thereby shift the stop arm 57, so that the cam shaft is; thenrotated by the s aft 39 and holds the selecting fingers 26 andpermutation bars in set position and since each bar has an inclined facecooperating with each of the key levers, none of the keys ex- I ceptthe'ones depressed can be operated until the lock bar is raised.

The receiver cam 72 on the shaft 53 and the associated switch contactsand controllers are similar in construction to those shown and describedin connection with the transmitter cam, but the switch controllers ofthe receiver are uniformly operated in order as the re'eiver cam rotatesand are not variably controlled by selecting fingers. The receiver cam(see Fig. 5) has a flange at one end on which a stop cam 73 isadjustably se'cured by a screw 74, the latter extending through a slotin the flange of the cam. The stop cam has circular periphery recessedat one portion and forming a shoulder'75, which is arranged to beengaged by the hooked upper 6nd of a stop arm 76. The latter is mountedupon the frame of a starting magnet 77 and carries the armature of themagnet, a spring 78 serving to hold the stop arm in operative positionwhen the magnet is de-energized. Fig. 10 is a'diagram of the electricalconnections. Preferably, as shown, the transmitter contact arms 35 areconnected together and toa battery. The transmitter spring contact arms34 are connected together and either directly. to the line as shownor,.if desired, to the coil of a transmitting. relay; The contactscontrolled by the receiver cam are interposed in a local circuit, thereceiver contacts 35 being connected respectively to the five selectingmagnets;.79 and the socalled sixth pulse or operating magnet 80 of thereceiving printer. The receiver contacts 34 are connected together andto the normally engaged contact 81 of aline relay 82. The receiver startmagnet is connected to the normally disengaged contact 83 of the relayand the relay tongue is connected, to battery so that the start magnet77 is energized whenever the normal condition of the line is changed.

As indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 9. the

periphery of the transmitter cam is divided into seven sections, S, 1,2, 3, 4, 5, and I. Preferably the sections are uniform except that thesection I is somewhat greater than the other sections. This section ofthe cam is in its operative position in the normal arrested or zeroposition of the cam and thus cooperates with the switch controller 30 toengage'the corresponding pair of contacts and normally hold the lineclosed. As the cam rotates the switch controller 30 will be invariablyshifted as the section S of the cam passes through the operatingposition and thereafter the other switch controllers 'Will be variablyoperated in accordance with the setting of the permutation bars to closeor hold open the other pairs of contacts during the five selectingintervals of the signals. At the end of the signal and before the cam isarrested, the switch controller 30 will invariably restore the line tonormal condition as the section I of the cam is moved to operatingposition.

The lug 71 releases the lock bar 64 before the transmitter cam isarrested, so that if the keys are rapidly operated the transmitter' camcan be continuously rotated to impart successive signals to the line,but even under such conditions the signals will be separated byintervals of normal line condition which persist as the section I of thecam member passes through the operative position, so that ampleopportunity is afforded the cams of the receiver to reach its normal orzero position at the end of each signal and before the startingcondition of the succeeding signal is imparted to the line. If thetransmitter contacts are directly connected 'to the line the latter isnormally closed, the starting interval is one of nocurrent and theselecting signals of permutations of current and no-current intervals.By employing the transmitting relay two different line conditions may becurrents of opposite polarity. It should also be noted that the ends ofthe recesses of the transmitter cam overlap to such an extent that thesuccessive intervals of the signals follow one another withoutintermediate spaces.

The receiving line relays at the different stations vibrate theirtongues in response to the conditions imparted to the line by atransmitter and with the circuit arranged as shown will respond to theconditions imparted to the lines by transmitters located at one or moredistant stations, and also imparted to the-line by the local transmitterto form a home record. During the initial starting interval of eachsignal, the normal line condition is changed and the armature of theline relay engages its contact 83 and closes the circuit of the startingmagnet 77. Thereupon the receiver cam 72 is rotated andit cooperateswith its switch controllers to successively close the five pairs of contacts 34 and 35 during the successiye selecting signal intervals so thatthe set of selecting magnet 79 is successively connected to the contact81 of the line relay and is operated in accordance with the selectingsignal intervals. As the relay armature is shifted during the selectingsignal intervals the circuit of the start magnet 77 is opened and closedbut at such times the high portion of the stop cam 73 passes in front ofthe nose on the upper end of thestop arm 76, so that the vibrations ofthe stop arm are very slight. But during the spacing interval at the endof each signal, the relay armature will engage its contact 81 and thenose of the stop arm 76 will pass into the recess of the cam 73 andengage the shoulder 75 to arrest the receiver cam. The receiver cams aredriven at a greater angular speed than the transmitter cams. For thispurpose the connecting gears 49, 51 and 52 between the drive shafts forthe transmittin and receiving cams are so proportioned t at the shaft 53is driven slightly faster than the shaft 39, for example in the ratio of13 to 12, and the governors of the motors of the instruments atdifferent stations are set to run at the same or substantially the samespeed. Then to insure that the receiver cam will pass through its fiveselecting operative positions during the midport1ons of the selectingintervals of the signals, the receiver cam recesses 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5,are angularly spacer farther, apart than the corresponding recesses ofthe transmitter cam in correspondence with the speed ratio of theirdrive shafts, and these receiver cam recesses and the lugs 37 on theassociated switch controllers are so proportioned that the differentoperating positions of the receiver cam are angularly considerablyshorter than the corresponding operation positions of the transmittercam, and the operating positions of the receiver cam do not, like thoseof the transmitter cam, overlap. With this arrangement, by properlyadjusting the receiver cam, the line relay will shift its armature whileall of the pairs of receiver contacts 34 and 35 are held open, and theselective operation of the receiving printer will be properly affected,even though the motor speeds and other conditions at different connectedstations may vary. By means of the screw 74the receiver cam is adjustedrelatively to its stop cam 73 to compensate for variations in its ownstarting operation and so that it will pass through its first selectingoperating position during the first selecting interval of each signal.

With the arrangement shown, the transmitter and receiver distributers,their operating'motor and the transmitter controlling key board areconveniently arranged upon a common base, the rear extension 12 of whichis provided with contact clips by which the parts of the unit can besuitably connected to the line battery and receiving printer.

Obviously, changes may be made in the details set forth withoutdeparture from the essentials of the invention as defined in the claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a telegraph apparatus, sets of trans mitting and receivingcontacts, correspond ing sets of controllers therefor, separate rotaryrams, each operable in order upon the controllers of one of said sets,selecting devices for modifying the operation of said transmittercontrollers, stops for arresting raid cams in normal position, means formechanically setting said selecting devices and releasing saidtransmitter stop, means responsive to the signals for releasing saidreceiver stop and variably connecting said receiver contacts to a sourceof current supply, and rotary motor driven means for continuouslyadvancing said cams at each operation thereof.

In a telegraph apparatus, sets of trans mitting and receiving contacts,corresponding sets of controllers therefor, separate 1'0- tary cams,each operable in order upon the controllers of one of said sets,selecting devices for modifying the operation of said transmittercontrollers, stops for arresting said cams in normal position, means forechanically setting said selecting devices and releasing saidtransmitter stop, means responsive to the signals for releasing saidreceiver stop and variably connecting said receiver contacts to a sourceof current supply. a common motor and rotary means operated thereby forcontinuously advancingthe respective cams at each operation thereof.

3. In a telegraph apparatus, sets of trans mitting and receivingcontacts, corresponding sets of controllers therefor, separate rotarycams, each operable in order upon the controllers of one of said sets,selecting devices for modifying the operation of said transmittercontrollers, stops for arresting said cams in normal position, means forme chanically setting said selecting devices and releasing saidtransmitter stop, means responsive to the signals for releasing saidreceiver stop and variably connecting said receiver contacts to a sourceof current sup,- ply, and power-actuated gearing for contin uouslyadvancing each of said cams during each complete operation thereof, thecontroller operating portions of the receiver cam being relativelyshorter and angularly spaced farther apart than those of the transmittercams, and said gearing being arranged to rotate said receiver cam at acor: respondingly relatively, greater angular speed.

4.;111 a telegraph apparatus, sets oftrans- Inittmg and receivingcontacts, corresponding sets of controllers therefor, separate rotarycams, each operable in order upon the controllers of one of said sets,selecting devices for modifying the operation of said transmittercontrollers, stops for arresting I said cams in normal position, meansfor mechanically setting said selecting devices and releasing saidtransmitter stop, means resp'insive to the signals for releasing saidreceive r stop and variably connecting said receiver contacts to asource of current supply, a common motor and connecting gearing forcontinuously advancing each of said cams during each operation thereof,said gearing being arranged to rotate said receiver cam at a relativelygreater angular speed, the controller operating portions of saidreceiver cam being correspondingly angularly spaced farther apart thanthose of said transmitter cam and extending through relatively shorterangular spaces.

5. In a selecting telegraph apparatus, a number of pairs of springcontacts, a corresponding set of controllers therefor, a

rotary cam member cooperating with saidcontrollers and normally holdingsaid pairs of contacts open, and having portions for permitting theshift of said controllers and the closing of said pairs of contacts inorder and at spaced intervals, a stop for arresting said cam in normalposition at the end of each signal period, a relay means controlledthereby for releasing said stop and variably connecting said contacts toa source of current supply, and rotary power-actuated means forcontinuously advancing said cam during each complete operation thereof.

6. In a selecting telegraph apparatus, a number of pairs of springcontacts, a corresponding set of controllers therefor, a rotary cammember cooperating With said controllers and normally holding said pairsof contacts open, and having portions for permitting the shift ofsaidcontrollers and the closing of said pairs of contacts in order andat spaced intervals, a stop for arresting said cam in normal position atthe end of each signal period. a start magnet for releasing said stop,rotary poweractuated means for continuously advancing said cam duringeach complete operation thereof, and a relay responsive to each receiveds gnal for operating said start magnet and variably connecting saidcontacts to a source of current supply.

7. In a selecting telegraph apparatus, a number of pairs of springcontacts, a corresponding set of controllers therefor, a rotary cammember cooperating with said controllers and normally holding said pairsof contacts open, and having portions for permitting the shift of saidcontrollers and the closing of said pairs of contacts ,in order and atspaced intervals, a stop for til) llO

assigns arresting said cam i normal position at the end of each signaperiod, a start magnet for releasing said stop, power-actuated means forcontinuously advancing said cam -duging each complete: operationthereof,

a relay responsive to each received signal, one of each pair of contactsbeing connected in circuit with the normally engaged contact of saidrelay, and saidst'art magnet being permanently connected in circuit withthe normally disengaged contact thereof.

i 8. In a telegraph apparatus, a set of electrically responsiveselecting devices, a relay responsive to received slgnals, contactmechanism including a rotary member for connecting said selectingdevices in order during each signal period to the-normally engagedcontact of the line relay, powerfleictuated means for continuouslyadvancing said rotary member during each signal period, a stop forarresting the same at the end of each signal, and a start mag-- net forreleasing said stop permanently connected in circuit with the off-normalcontact of the relay.

9. In an apparatus for telegraph systems employing signals eachconsisting of a starting interval, a definite number of se-' lectingintervals and a spacing interval, the combination of sets oftransmitting and receiving contacts arranged in pairs, rotarycylindrical cams, each operable upon one of said sets of contacts inorder, the transmitter cam having successively operating peripheralportions corresponding to the signal intervals and the receiver camhaving operating peripheral ptirtions corresponding to the mid-portionsonly of the selecting intervals of the signals, and means under controlof start-stop clutchesfor continuously advancing said cams during eachcomplete operation thereof.

10. In an apparatus for telegraph systems employing signals eachvconsisting of a-starting interval, a definite number of selectingintervals and a spacing interval, the combinationof sets of transmittingand receiving contacts arranged in pairs, rotary cylindrical cams, eachoperable upon one of saidsets of contacts in order, the transmitter camhaving successively operating peripheral portions corresponding to thesignal intervals and the receiver cam having operating peripheralportions corre sponding to the mid-portions only of the selectingintervals of the signals and hav ing an angular spacing relativelygreater than the corresponding portions of said transmitter cam, andmeans er control of start-stop, slip-friction clutches for continuouslyadvancing .said' cams at each complete operation thereof and atcorrespondingly different angular speeds. I 11. In'an apparatus forstart-stop telejfntervals,

graph systems employing a definite interval code, sets of transmitterand receiver contacts, rotary start-stop cylindrical cams, each operablein order upon one of said sets of contacts, a set of permutation bars,means controlled thereby for mechanically modifying the operation of thetransmitter cam 7 during the selecting intervals of the signals, fingerkeys, each arranged to shift each'of said bars and set them in differentcombinations, means operatedby each key for starting the transmitter camand means responsive to the signals for starting the receiver cam andvariably. controlling the circuits of the receiver contacts.

12. In an apparatus for start-stop telegraph systems employing adefinite interval code, sets of transmitter and receivercontactsarrangedin pairs, correspondin sets of controllers, rotary, start-stop, 'cylinric'al cams, each operable in order upon one of said sets ofcontrollers, a set of permutation bars, selectors operated thereby formechanically modifying the operation of said transmitter cam during theselecting intervals, finger keys each arranged to start saidLtransmitter cam and shift each bar to one of two positions, and meansresponsive to the signals for starting said receiver cam and formodifying the circuits of the receiver contacts.

13. In an apparatus for telegraph systems'employing' signals separatedby spacing intervals and each comprising a starting interval-and adefinite number of selecting intervals, the combination of sets oftransmitting and receiving contacts, rotary startstop cams, eachoperable upon one of said sets of contacts in order, stops for arrestingsaid cams in normal position, said transmitter cam having overlappingperipheral portions corresponding to the signal intervals and broughtinto operation successively by its movement from normal position, totransmit the signals, the receiver having spaced peripheral portionsbrought into operation'by its movement from normal position successivelyand during the mid-portions only of the selecting intervals .of thesignals, and motor driven means for con-' tinuously advancing each ofsa1d cams at terval and a definite number of selecting the combinationof sets of transmitting andreceiving cont-acts, rotary startr stop cams,each operable upon one of said sets of contacts in order, stops forarresting sa1d cams in normal position, sa1d trans mitter cam havingoverlap ing peripheralportions corresponding. to t e signal intervalsand broiight into operation successively by its movement from normalposition, to

transmit the signals, the receiver having spaced peripheral portionsbrought into operation by its movement from normal position successivelyand during the midportions only of the selecting intervals otthesignalsflzhe peripheral portion of said transmitter cam corresponding tothe spacing intervals extending through a greater angular" space thanany other of said portions, means for controlling said transmitter-camand 10 trolling the receiver cam and contacts, and 15 power means forcontinuously advancin each of sald cams at each operation thereo HOWARDL. KRUM.

